India dominates global tiger conservation, hosting approximately 3,682 wild tigers—roughly 75% of the world’s total—thanks to its extensive network of over 53 reserves and initiatives like Project Tiger. Russia follows distantly with around 750 endangered Siberian tigers, primarily in the Sikhote-Alin range, stabilized through strict anti-poaching efforts. Indonesia ranks third with roughly 400 critically endangered Sumatran tigers, though deforestation remains a severe threat. Nepal (~355 tigers) and Thailand (~189) showcase significant recoveries through community engagement and habitat protection. Bhutan (~151) supports unique high-altitude Bengal tigers, while Malaysia (~150) and Bangladesh (~146) face critical challenges from poaching and habitat fragmentation in their remaining forests. Myanmar (~22) and China (~20–60) round out the list, with China focusing on rewilding Amur tigers after the functional extinction of its South China subspecies. Globally, wild tiger numbers have risen from about 3,200 in 2010 to over 5,500 today, marking progress toward the TX2 recovery goal, though poaching, human-wildlife conflict, and habitat loss demand sustained action to secure vulnerable populations.
